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FND
Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) is a condition where patients experience neurological symptoms—such as weakness, tremors, seizures, or sensory issues—that cannot be explained by structural brain or nerve damage, as seen in conditions like stroke or multiple sclerosis. These symptoms are real and distressing but stem from disruptions in how the brain processes and controls bodily functions, often linked to stress, trauma, or psychological factors, though not always.Key points:Symptoms: Vary widely, including motor issues (e.g., paralysis, tremors), sensory deficits (e.g., numbness, vision problems), or non-epileptic seizures. Symptoms may fluctuate or worsen under stress.
Causes: Not fully understood but often involve a mix of neurological and psychological factors. Triggers can include physical or emotional trauma, infections, or chronic stress.
Diagnosis: Made by neurologists through clinical evaluation, ruling out other conditions with tests like MRIs or EEGs. Positive signs, like inconsistent symptoms or distractibility, support FND diagnosis.
Treatment: Multidisciplinary, including physiotherapy for motor symptoms, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for psychological factors, and education to understand the condition. Medications may help manage co-occurring anxiety or depression but don’t directly treat FND.
Prognosis: Varies; some improve with treatment, while others have persistent symptoms. Early diagnosis and intervention improve outcomes.
Causes: Not fully understood but often involve a mix of neurological and psychological factors. Triggers can include physical or emotional trauma, infections, or chronic stress.
Diagnosis: Made by neurologists through clinical evaluation, ruling out other conditions with tests like MRIs or EEGs. Positive signs, like inconsistent symptoms or distractibility, support FND diagnosis.
Treatment: Multidisciplinary, including physiotherapy for motor symptoms, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for psychological factors, and education to understand the condition. Medications may help manage co-occurring anxiety or depression but don’t directly treat FND.
Prognosis: Varies; some improve with treatment, while others have persistent symptoms. Early diagnosis and intervention improve outcomes.